Instead of seven provinces and a regional administration, Galicia was reorganized into the current four provinces. Under Roman rule, most Galician hillforts began to be – sometimes forcibly – abandoned, and Gallaeci served frequently in the Roman army as auxiliary troops. This assembly soon developed into the voice and legal representation of the Kingdom, and the depositary of its will and laws. The interior of Galicia is characterized by a hilly landscape; mountain ranges rise to 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in the east and south. During the 14th and 15th centuries, the progressive distancing of the kings from Galician affairs left the kingdom in the hands of the local knights, counts and bishops, who frequently fought each other to increase their fiefs, or simply to plunder the lands of others. Varying degrees of nationalist or independentist sentiment are evident at the political level. [70][71] In 2007 the port took in 732,951 metric tons (721,375 long tons; 807,940 short tons) of fish and seafood, and about 4,000,000 metric tons (3,900,000 long tons; 4,400,000 short tons) of other cargoes. The Galician Football Federation periodically fields a national team against international opposition. Zamora The Galician Parliament[55] consists of 75 deputies elected by universal adult suffrage under a system of proportional representation. In the province of Ourense, businessman and politician Eulogio Gómez Franqueira gave impetus to the raising of livestock and poultry by establishing the Cooperativa Orensana S.A. (Coren). Several 1,668 mm (5 ft 5.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap} 21⁄32 in) Iberian gauge lines operated by Adif and Renfe Operadora connect all the important Galician cities. In comparison to similar latitudes on the other side of the Atlantic, winters are exceptionally mild, with consistent rainfall. In 2007, 5.7 million tourists visited Galicia, an 8% growth over the previous year, and part of a continual pattern of growth in this sector. Galicia has a long sporting tradition dating back to the early 20th century, when the majority of sports clubs in Spain were founded. Galicia – The area north of Portugal offers cool, rainy weather, dramatic coastlines, and low real estate prices. [16], Due to Galicia's history and culture with mythology, the land has been called "Terra Meiga (land of the witches/witch(ing) land).[17][18]. Within Galicia are the Autopista AP-9 from Ferrol to Vigo and the Autopista AP-53 (also known as AG-53, because it was initially built by the Xunta de Galicia) from Santiago to Ourense. Its rich mineral deposits of tin and gold led to the development of Bronze Age metallurgy, and to the commerce of bronze and gold items all along the Atlantic coast of Western Europe. A Coruña also manufactures automobiles. Galicia has over 1,660 km (1,030 mi) of coastline,[5] including its offshore islands and islets, among them Cíes Islands, Ons, Sálvora, Cortegada Island, and the largest and most populated, A Illa de Arousa. While these may have coincided with contemporary 15th-century civil provinces, they no longer have the same boundaries as the modern civil provincial divisions. Nevertheless, in his Kingdom of Galicia the Galician language was the only language spoken, and the most used in government and legal uses, as well as in literature. The Bloque Nacionalista Galego or BNG, is a conglomerate of left-wing parties and individuals that claims Galician political status as a nation. Although there are local dialects, Galician media conform to this standard form, which is also used in primary, secondary, and university education. Galicia's main airport is Santiago de Compostela Airport. There are many other Galician and associated saints; some of the best-known are: Saint Ansurius, Saint Rudesind, Saint Mariña of Augas Santas, Saint Senorina, Trahamunda and Froilan. Pontevedra CF from Pontevedra and Racing Ferrol from Ferrol are two other notable clubs as well as CD Lugo. During the Franco era, the teaching of Galician was prohibited. [46] Lugo, to the north, is colder, with 12 °C (54 °F),[47] similar to the 12.45 °C (54.41 °F) of Portland, Oregon. Prior to the 1833 territorial division of Spain Galicia was divided into seven administrative provinces:[57]. Other major newspapers are El Correo Gallego (Santiago de Compostela), Faro de Vigo (Vigo), Diario de Pontevedra (Pontevedra), El Progreso (Lugo), La Región (Ourense), and Galicia Hoxe – The first daily newspaper to publish exclusively in Galician. The companies based in the province of Coruña generate 70% of the entrepreneurial output of Galicia. It is bordered by Portugal to the south, the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Cantabrian Sea to the north. The secondary sector (manufacturing) includes shipbuilding in Vigo, Marín-Pontevedra and Ferrol, textiles and granite work in A Coruña. The music is characterized by the use of bagpipes. TVG broadcasts throughout Galicia and has two international channels, Galicia Televisión Europa and Galicia Televisión América, available throughout the European Union and the Americas through Hispasat. [30] At the time, the king's petitions for money and troops became more frequent, due to the human and economic exhaustion of Castile; the Junta of the Kingdom of Galicia (the local Cortes or representative assembly) was initially receptive to these petitions, raising large sums, accepting the conscription of the men of the kingdom, and even commissioning a new naval squadron which was sustained with the incomes of the Kingdom. The ancient flag of the Kingdom of Galicia was based mainly on its coat of arms until the 19th century. Additional roads under construction include Autovía A-54 from Santiago de Compostela to Lugo, and Autovía A-56 from Lugo to Ourense. While most Galicians are bilingual, a 2013 survey reported that 51% of the Galician population spoke Galician most often on a day-to-day basis, while 48% most often used Spanish. The most famous Barbary attack was the bloody sack of the town of Cangas in 1617. Cf. Check our range of Spanish properties and see houses, villas and apartments for sale on a map ... 5 Real Estate, +44 330 038 1916 ** Contact Save Hide. But there were great gains among the percentage of the population who could read and write Galician: a decade earlier, only 49.3 percent of the population could read Galician, and 34.85 percent could write it. [67], The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the autonomous community was 62.6 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 5.2% of Spanish economic output. The Galician diaspora is so widespread that websites such as Fillos de Galicia have been created in the 21st century to organize and form a network of ethnic Galicians throughout the world. Galician photographer Delmi Álvarez began documenting the fires in Galicia from 2006 in a project called Queiman Galiza (Burn Galicia)..[42] Wood products figure significantly in Galicia's economy. Overall, the country granted a record 8,061 Golden Visas in 2019, up sharply by 22.6% compared to 2018. There are three branches of government: the executive branch, the Xunta de Galicia, consisting of the President and the other independently elected councillors;[54] the legislative branch consisting of the Galician Parliament; and the judicial branch consisting of the High Court of Galicia and lower courts. It denotes the ancestral line from any of the places called Villarreal in Spain. From the Iron Age, Galicia has a rich heritage based mainly on a great number of hill forts, few of them excavated like Baroña, Sta. Other rivers run directly into the Atlantic Ocean or the Cantabrian Sea, most of them having short courses. The religious celebrations take place 24 July. Having been used by 2,083,873 passengers in 2014, it connects the Galician capital with cities in Spain as well as several major European cities. During the mid-20th century, the population rapidly increased in A Coruña, Vigo, and to a lesser degree, other major Galician cities, like Ourense, Pontevedra or Santiago de Compostela as the rural population declined after the Spanish Civil War: many villages and hamlets of the four provinces of Galicia disappeared or nearly disappeared during the same period. Fauna, most notably the European wolf, has suffered because of the actions of livestock owners and farmers, and because of the loss of habitats, whilst the native deer species have declined because of hunting and development. Galician originated regionally; the latter was associated with Castile. In the early 5th century, the deep crisis suffered by the Roman Empire allowed different tribes of Central Europe (Suebi, Vandals and Alani) to cross the Rhine and penetrate into the rule on 31 December 406. Galician cuisine often uses fish and shellfish. The patron saint of Galicia is Saint James the Greater. Fearing a general revolt, the monarchs ordered the banishing of the rest of the great lords like Pedro de Bolaño, Diego de Andrade or Lope Sánchez de Moscoso, among others. Selection of newspapers and online news in Spain - newspapers, business news, entertainment, TV stations and portals Caldo galego is a hearty soup whose main ingredients are potatoes and a local vegetable named grelo (broccoli rabe). After that date, the relics of Saint James attracted an extraordinary number of pilgrims. Despite this, popular associations, such as Galicia Mellor Sen Touradas ("Galicia Better without Bullfights"), have blamed politicians for having no compromise in order to abolish it and have been very critical of local councils', especially those governed by the PP and PSOE, payment of subsidies for corridas. They usually represent cup and ring marks, labyrinths, deer, Bronze Age weapons, and riding and hunting scenes. Instead of seven provinces and a regional administration, Galicia was reorganized into the current four provinces. So, in the second half of the 17th century the Junta frequently denied or considerably reduced the initial petitions of the monarch, and though the tension didn't rise to the levels experienced in Portugal or Catalonia, there were frequent urban mutinies and some voices even asked for the secession of the Kingdom of Galicia.[32]. General Francisco Franco – himself a Galician from Ferrol – ruled as dictator from the civil war until his death in 1975. Fidel Castro was born in Cuba to a wealthy planter father who was an immigrant from Galicia; Castro's mother was of Galician descent. [11], The name Galicia derives from the Latin toponym Callaecia, later Gallaecia, related to the name of an ancient Celtic tribe that resided north of the Douro river, the Gallaeci or Callaeci in Latin, or Καλλαϊκoί (Kallaïkoí) in Greek. While it is true that the Kingdom of Galicia had during centuries a kind of unofficial anthem known as the "Solemn March of the kingdom", the Galician current anthem was not created until 1907, although its composition had begun already in 1880. Since the late 20th century and the establishment of Galicia's autonomy, the Galician language is resurgent. It wouldn't be until the late 19th century that some Galician intellectuals (nationalist politicians and writers) began to use a new flag as symbol a renewed national unity for Galicia. The names and memories of Codax and other popular cultural figures are well preserved in modern Galicia. That flag, what was composed by a diagonal stripe over a white background, was designated "official flag of Galicia" in 1984, after the fall of the Franco's dictatorship. Solís and his forces were defeated at the Battle of Cacheiras, 23 April 1846, and the survivors, including Solís himself, were shot. [72] Lugo and Ourense provinces have the lowest fertility rates in Spain, 0.88 and 0.93, respectively.[72]. The Best real estate locations in Spain: Marbella, Barcelona, Ibiza, Costa Brava and Mallorca. In 2019, Spain granted 681 Golden Visas to foreigners via the real estate option – up 13.7% from a year earlier and the highest figure ever recorded. Alberto Núñez Feijóo (PPdG) is now Galicia's president.
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